Prefabricated Bridge Columns with Self-Centering Capability Using Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) And Ultra-High Performance Concrete (UHPC) In Plastic Regions

Project Information

Link to Latest Report: Coming Soon

Background:

This research proposal introduces a new column-bent cap connection, with innovative materials such as Ultra-High Performance Concrete (UHPC), Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) and Engineered Cementitious Composite (ECC) to promote the self-centering behavior and postearthquake functionality of bridges subjected to earthquake ground motions.

Circular columnswill be considered in this study. The significance of this research is to propose a simple yet practical and effective use of innovative materials such as UHPC, SMA and ECC as substructure connection for bridges in medium and high seismic regions. Several factors are simplified in the construction of the column due to novel properties of UHPC and SMA to minimize the splice length between column longitudinal reinforcement.

This phase of study will focus on comprehending on fundamental behavior of the proposed system and identify, possible future steps that are needed for implementation of the idea in the field. Research builds on previous work conducted at FIU(Azizinamini, et al) in the form of moving the plastic hinge outside of capacity protected areas in seismic design process, through use of UHPC. The research will involve experimental studies, in the form of 2/3 scaled column specimens subjected to constant axial load and cyclic lateral loads, small scale component tests to comprehend the behavior of SMA and durability aspects of the proposed system. The research is expected to develop a roadmap to implement the proposed idea in the field as well as tentative seismic design methodology that can be applied to bridge columncap beam connections, column-footing connections, and plastic hinge zones.

Objective:

The objective of this research is to demonstrate:

  • Low-damage bridge columns with improved seismic performance compared to
    conventional cast-in-place columns.
  • Reduced and controlled concrete damage using UHPC in plastic hinge regions.
  • Reduced residual displacement by incorporating SMA with self-centering capability.
  • Development of a step-by-step seismic design method for bridge column-cap beam
    connections, and plastic hinge zones with UHPC, SMA, and ECC.

Scope:

The proposed project includes several tasks

  • Task 1- Literature Review
    • This task involves conducting a comprehensive review of existing literature on the
      seismic applications of SMA, UHPC and ECC, focusing on design guidelines and the
      latest design guidance available for the structural design of SMA, UHPC and ECC,. The
      review will cover case studies, current practices, and standards to establish a solid
      foundation for the project.
  • Task 2:  Developing Connection Detail
    • Findings from Task 1 and previous experiences by PI and Co-PIs, and preliminary
      nonlinear finite element analysis, details of proposed connection will be finalized. It is
      intended to have State DOTs with interest in seismic evaluation to be involved in the
      project and obtain their input as project progress. This should help during field
      implementation phase of the project.
  • Task 3: Material Test
    • In this task, material tests for UHPC, ECC, and SMA will be conducted to assess the
      material characteristics for seismic performance of the proposed bridge column.
  • Task 4: Experimental Study
  • Task 5: Analytical Studies
    • Before initiating experimental work, preliminary non-linear finite element analysis will
      be carried out to study the proposed connection detail and develop preliminary
      understanding of the system. These preliminary models will be calibrated against
      research data that is available to research team from previous studies. Following the
      completion of the first column test, the developed numerical model will be calibrated and
      it will then be used to conduct parametric studies for development of design
      methodologies.
  • Task 6: Final Report
    • The final task involves a full assessment of the findings, data, and analyses from the
      previous tasks into a comprehensive final report. This report will include detailed
      guidelines and recommendations for designing and implementing UHPC and CFRP
      tendons in bridge columns, particularly focusing on their application in seismic regions.

Research Team:
Principal Investigator: Bijan Khaleghi, Ph.D., P.E.
Co-Principal Investigator: Ankitha Arvan, Ph.D. and Atorod Azizinamini, Ph.D.,
P.E.